=========== == Title == =========== Title = Meteorological, Radiation, Soil, and Snow Data from Alaskan Sites, 1998 - 2008 ============================== == Principal Investigators == ============================== Principal Investigators 1998 - 2002 = Larry D Hinzman, Douglas L Kane, Douglas Goering All at: lhinzman@iarc.uaf.edu ffdlk@uaf.edu djgoering@alaska.edu Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 755860 Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5860 Principal Investigators 2002 - 2007 = Larry D Hinzman, Douglas L Kane Dr. Hinzman at: lhinzman@iarc.uaf.edu International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 757340 Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7340 Dr. Kane at: ffdlk@uaf.edu Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 755860 Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5860 Principal Investigators 2007 - 2008 = Larry D Hinzman, Douglas L Kane, Jessica E Cherry Dr. Hinzman and Dr. Cherry at: International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks lhinzman@iarc.uaf.edu jcherry@iarc.uaf.edu P.O. Box 757340 Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7340 Dr. Kane at: ffdlk@uaf.edu Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 755860 Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5860 ======================================== == Current contact for data questions == ======================================== Jessica Cherry jcherry@iarc.uaf.edu ===================== == Funding Sources == ===================== Sites were originally established as part of the Land-Atmosphere-Ice Interactions Arctic Transitions in the Land-Atmosphere System (LAII-ATLAS) program. The research project was funded by the Arctic System Sciences (ARCSS) Program, grant number OPP-9818066. Several NSF grants have supported ongoing data collection: Sites were maintained through funding for the project Quantifying the Thermal and Permafrost Impacts of a Tundra Wildfire grant number OPP-0332964. Sites were maintained through funding for the project COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Detection and attribution of changes in the hydrologic regimes of the Mackenzie, the Kuparuk and the Lena River Basins grant number OPP-0229705. Sites were maintained through funding for the project Intersections of water, climate, and humans in the Arctic (ICWHA) grant number OPP-0328686. ======================= == Data Set Overview == ======================= This data set contains snow, meteorological, radiation, and subsurface data from two sites at Ivotuk on the North Slope of Alaska, USA and eleven sites on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska, USA. ================== == Ivotuk Sites == ================== This data set contains snow, meteorological, radiation, and subsurface data from two sites at Ivotuk on the North Slope of Alaska, USA ============================== == 10 meter tower Moss Site == ============================== PLATFORM ID = Ivotuk 10 meter tower Moss Site LOCATION = On flats east of Ivotuk runway between runway and Otuk Creek LOCATION = "N 68.48033, W 155.7452, 591 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1998; STOP: 2006 (site removed) Radiation Sensors installed = 2 Eppley Longwave PIR Radiometers 2 Eppley Shortwave PSP Radiometers 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 3 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m, 3m, 10m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 10m above ground surface 1 MetOne 014A Wind Speed anemometer at 1m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 35cm bgs 2 thermistor strings. See data files for exact depths. Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy Snow Sensor = Campbell Scientific SR50 Ultrasonic Depth Sensor DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = Ivotuk_moss_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1998 to 2006 and param = soil, met, rad or snow DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/ivotuk/met1/met1.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow Shortwave Radiation Longwave Radiation LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow ============================== == 3 meter tower Shrub Site == ============================== PLATFORM ID =Ivotuk 3 meter tower Shrub Site LOCATION = On flats northeast of Ivotuk runway LOCATION = "N 68.48667, W 155.7428, 591 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1998; STOP: 2005 (site removed) Radiation Sensors installed = 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 2 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m and 3m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 3m above ground surface 1 MetOne 014A Wind Speed anemometer at 1m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs, 50cm bgs 2 thermistor strings. See data files for exact depths. Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy Snow Sensor = Campbell Scientific UDG01 Ultrasonic Depth Sensor DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = ivotuk_shrub_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1998 to 2006 and param = soil, met, rad or snow DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/ivotuk/met2/met2.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow ============================ == Seward Peninsula Sites == ============================ This data set contains snow, meteorological, radiation, and subsurface data from eleven sites on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska, USA. ================================ == C1 Grid 3 meter tower site == ================================ PLATFORM ID =,"C1, CALM Grid Met Station" LOCATION = ,Across the Niukluk River from Council on the valley bottom LOCATION = ,"N 64.84436, W 163.70743, 49 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1999; STOP: 2008 Radiation Sensors installed = 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 2 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m and 3m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 3m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = "Thermistor String 1 has thermistors at: 0 cm bgs, 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 25 cm bgs, 35 cm bgs" "Thermistor String 2 has thermistors at:10 cm bgs, 25 cm bgs, 40 cm bgs, 60 cm bgs, 85 cm bgs, 110 cm bgs" "Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 25 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs" Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy Snow Sensor = Campbell Scientific SR50 Ultrasonic Depth Sensor 2000 - 09/2007 Campbell Scientific SR50A Ultrasonic Depth Sensor 09/2007 to present DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = c1_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1999 to 2008 and param = soil, met, rad or snow DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/council/c1/c1.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow =========================================== == C2 Blueberry Hill 10 meter tower site == =========================================== PLATFORM ID ="C2, Blueberry Met" LOCATION = "Hill overlooking Council, Alaska" LOCATION = "N 64.89117, W 163.6435, 146m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1999; STOP: 2008 Radiation Sensors installed = 2 Eppley Longwave PIR Radiometers 2 Eppley Shortwave PSP Radiometers 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 3 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m, 3m, 10m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 10m above ground surface 1 MetOne 014A Wind Speed anemometer at 1m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 35cm bgs 2 thermistor strings. See data files for exact depths. Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = c2_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1999 to 2008 and param = soil, met or rad DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/council/c2/c2.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Shortwave Radiation Longwave Radiation LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation PIR Radiometer Temperature (2007 - 2008) 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture ==================================== == C3 Guy Rowe 3 meter tower site == ==================================== PLATFORM ID = "C3, Guy Rowe Met" LOCATION = 200 meters up from the confluence of Guy Rowe Creek and Horton Creek LOCATION = "N 64.746, W 163.8935, 134m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1999; STOP: 2004 (site removed) Radiation Sensors installed = 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 2 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m and 3m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 3m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = "Thermistor String 1 has thermistors at: 0 cm bgs, 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 25 cm bgs, 35 cm bgs" "Thermistor String 2 has thermistors at:10 cm bgs, 25 cm bgs, 40 cm bgs, 60 cm bgs, 85 cm bgs, 110 cm bgs" "Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs, 40cm bgs" Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy Snow Sensor = Campbell Scientific SR50 Ultrasonic Depth Sensor DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = c3_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1999 to 2004 and param = soil, met, rad or snow DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/council/c3/c3.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture ================================ == K1 Burn 3 meter tower site == ================================ PLATFORM ID = K1 Burn Site LOCATION = "On a dome east of headwater of Niagara Creek, which flows into the Kougarok River near where the Kougarok road crosses the Kougarok river" LOCATION = "N 65.44037, W 164.5785, 268 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1999; STOP: 2008 Radiation Sensors installed = 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 2 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m and 3m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 3m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = "Thermistor String 1 has thermistors at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs, 40 cm bgs" "Thermistor String 2 has thermistors at:25 cm bgs, 40 cm bgs, 55 cm bgs, 75 cm bgs, 100 cm bgs, 125 cm bgs" "Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs, 40cm bgs" Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = k1_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1999 to 2008 and param = soil, met or rad DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/kougarok/k1/k1.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture ================================ == K2 Met 10 meter tower site == ================================ PLATFORM ID =K2 Met 10 meter tower LOCATION = 33m above the valley bottom to the north of the Kougarok river and west of Niagara Creek in moist tussock tundra LOCATION = "N 65.42833, W 164.6435, 91 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1999; STOP: 2008 Radiation Sensors installed = 2 Eppley Longwave PIR Radiometers 2 Eppley Shortwave PSP Radiometers 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 3 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m, 3m, 10m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 10m above ground surface 1 MetOne 014A Wind Speed anemometer at 1m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = 1 soil moisture pit. See data files for exact depth and sensor type. 1 thermistor strings. See data files for exact depths. Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy Site burned due to tundra fire in 2002 and soil moisture / soil temperature sensors were replaced at that time. DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = k2_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1999 to 2008 and param = soil, met or rad DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/kougarok/k2/k2.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow Shortwave Radiation Longwave Radiation LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation PIR Radiometer Temperature (2007 - 2008) 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture ======================================== == K3 Mauze Gulch 3 meter tower site == ======================================== PLATFORM ID = K3 Mauze Gulch LOCATION = "On a hillslope at the shrub/tussock interface to the north of the headwaters of Mauze Gulch, which flows into the Kougarok River" LOCATION = "N 65.45967, W 164.638167, 229 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 1999; STOP: 2008 Radiation Sensors installed = 1 Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer See radiation data file for serial numbers and specific remarks about radiometers (e.g. radiometers installed at the site) Meteorological Sensors installed = 2 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1m and 3m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Wind Speed & Wind Direction Anemometer at 3m above ground surface Summer Precipitation gage is a Texas Electronics TR-525M Subsurface Sensors installed = "Thermistor String 1 has thermistors at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs, 40 cm bgs" "Thermistor String 2 has thermistors at:25 cm bgs, 40 cm bgs, 55 cm bgs, 75 cm bgs, 100 cm bgs, 125 cm bgs" "Soil Moisture Pit 1 has CS615 probes at: 5 cm bgs, 10 cm bgs, 15 cm bgs, 20 cm bgs, 30 cm bgs, 40cm bgs" Thermistors are ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 +-0.2 Degrees Celsius Accuracy DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = Mauze_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 1999 to 2008 and param = soil, met or rad DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/atlas/kougarok/k3/k3.html MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Radiation Precipitation 300 second Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction Net Radiation Precipitation 180 minute average Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Snow ============================================== == Skookum Pass 3 meter radio repeater site == ============================================== PLATFORM ID =Skookum Pass Radio Repeater LOCATION = "Southern Seward Peninsula, Alaska" LOCATION = "N 64.70822, W 164.04806, 372 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 2001; STOP: 2008 Meteorological Sensors installed = 1 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1.5m above ground surface 1 Taylor Scentific WS-3 Rotor Anemometer at 3m above ground surface 1 Taylor Scientific WD-3 Direction Vane at 3m above ground surface DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = skookum_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 2001 to 2008 DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = none MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second all sensors LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average ================================================ == Anvil Mountain 3 meter radio repeater site == ================================================ PLATFORM ID =Anvil Mountain Radio Repeater LOCATION = "Near NOME, Alaska, USA" LOCATION = "N 64.565, W 165.371, 344 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 2003; STOP: 2008 Meteorological Sensors installed = 1 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1.5m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Anemometer (briefly in 2005-2006) DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = anvil_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 2003 to 2008 DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = none MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second all sensors LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average ==================================================== == Kigluaik Mountains 3 meter radio repeater site == ==================================================== PLATFORM ID =Kigluaiks Repeater LOCATION = Eastern part of Kigluaik Mountains on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska LOCATION = "N 65.01378, W 164.80898, 812 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 2003; STOP: 2008 Meteorological Sensors installed = 1 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1.5m above ground surface 1 RM Young 05103 Anemometer DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = kigluaiks_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 2002 to 2008 DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = none MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 5 second all sensors LOGGING FREQUENCY = 60 minute average ================================= == Snake River Hydrologic Site == ================================= PLATFORM ID = Snake River Gaging Station LOCATION = Outside of Nome downstream from the Nome-Teller Highway crosses the Snake River LOCATION = "N 64.56372 W 165.51237, 3 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 2004; STOP: 2008 Meteorological Sensors installed = 1 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1.5m above ground surface 1 Texas Electronics TE-525M Precipitation Bucket River Stage Sensors installed = 2 GW Scientific GWS5B series pressure transducer (2004 - 2005) 1 Instrumentation Northwest Model 9805 pressure transducer (2006 - 2007) DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = snake_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 2004 to 2008 and param = met or discharge DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = none MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second all sensors LOGGING FREQUENCY = 15 minute average in 2004 and part of 2005, 60 minute average in 2005 to 2008 ================================= == Kuzitrin River Hydrologic Site == ================================= PLATFORM ID =Kuzitrin River Gaging Station LOCATION = On the floodplain upstream from the Kuzitrin bridge on the Kougarok road. LOCATION = "N 65.21673 W 164.82721, 12 m ASL" DATA COVERAGE = START: 2004; STOP: 2007 (site removed) Meteorological Sensors installed = 1 Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Sensor at 1.5m above ground surface 1 Texas Electronics TE-525M Precipitation Bucket River Stage Sensors installed = 2 GW Scientific GWS5B series pressure transducer DATA FILE NAMING CONVENTION = kuzitrin_param_yyyy.csv where yyyy = the year: 2004 to 2007 and param = met or stage DATA FILE FORMAT = Metadata header at the top of the file Column Labels data set. Column 1 = Date/Time in UTC; Column 2 = Date/Time in UTC-9 (AK Standard Time), Column 3 to n = QA/QC sensor data. DATA WWW REFERENCE = none MEASUREMENT FREQUENCY = 60 second all sensors LOGGING FREQUENCY = 15 minute average in 2004, 60 minute average in 2005 to 2008 ============================ == Instrument Description == ============================ See instrumentation directory for pictures from each site as well as an example of the sensors listed below. ===================== == Site Components == ===================== Data Logger Campbell Scientific CR10X with Extended Temperature Testing Air Temperature & Relative Humidity = Vaisala HMP45C Air Temperature / Relative Humidity Air Temperature: Operating Temperature: -40 C to +60 C Accuracy: +-0.2 C at 20C increasing linearly to +- 0.4C at +60 and +-0.45C at -40C Relative Humidity: Operating Range: 0 to 100 % Accuracy at 20C: 0 to 90% +-2% RH; 90 to 100% RH +-3% http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/hmp45c.pdf Wind Speed and Wind Direction = MetOne 014A anemometer Operating Range: 0 to 45 m/s Starting Threshold: 0.45 m/s Accuracy: 0.11 m/s http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/014a.pdf RM Young 015103 anemometer WS Range: 0 to 100 m/s WS Accuracy: +- 0.3 m/s WS Start up: 1 m/s WD Accuracy: +-3 degrees WD Starup: 1.1 m/s http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/05103.pdf Taylor Scientific WS-3 Anemometer Range: 1.3 m/s to 100+ m/s (upper limit is unknown - no failures 100m/s is highest measured WS with this model of sensor) Start up: 1.3 m/s Accuracy: +-0.45 m/s to 25 m/s; +- 0.9 m/s to 50 m/s Taylor Scientific WD-3 Wind Vane Accuracy: +-1% Linearity: +- 0.5% Dead-zone cross-over at 2 - 3 degrees. http://www.taylorse.com Soil Temperature = Accuracy: +- 0.2 C Steinhart-Hart Equation Coefficients:A=1.28E-03; B=2.37E-04; C=9.06E-08 ALPHA P/N 14A5001-C3 thermistor River Temperature = Accuracy: +- 0.1 C Steinhart-Hart Equation Coefficients: A=1.47E-03; B=2.39E-04; C=1.0002E-07 YSI P/N 44003 thermistor Pressure Transducer = GW Scientific GWS5B Accuracy: +-0.1% FSR over 0 to 5 PSI Instrumentation Northwest 9805 Accuracy: +-0.1% FSR over 0 to 5 PSI Radiation = Rebs Q7_1 Net Radiometer Spectral Response: 0.25 to 60 micrometers http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/retired/q-7-1.pdf Eppley PSP Shortwave Radiometer Linearity +-0.5% over 0 to 2800 W/m^2 Sensitivity 9 microVolts per (W/m^2) http://www.eppleylab.com/PrdPrecSpectralPyrmtr.htm Eppley PIR Shortwave Radiometer Linearity +- 1% over 0 to 700 W/m^2 Sensitivity 4 microVolts per (W/m^2) http://www.eppleylab.com/PrdPrecInfRadmtr.htm Soil Moisture = Campbell Scientific CS615 Volumetric Water Content Sensor accuracy: +- 2.0% VWC using standard calibration. http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/cs615.pdf Campbell Scientific CS616 Volumetric Water Content Sensor probe to probe variability: +- 0.5% VWC in soil, 1.5% VWC in typical saturated soil accuracy: +-2.5% VWC using standard calibration with bulk electrical conductivity <=0.5 deciSiemen / meter and bulk density <= 1.55 g / cm^3 precision: 0.05% VWC resolution: 0.1 VWC http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/cs616.pdf Precipitation Texas Electronics TR-525M tipping bucket rain gage Resolution: 0.1 mm per tip Texas Electronics TE-525M tipping bucket rain gage Resolution: 0.1 mm per tip Texas Electronics TE-525I tipping bucket rain gage Resolution: 0.1 inch per tip http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/te525.pdf Snow Campbell Scientific UDG01 Ultrasonic distance sensor Accuracy: +- 1cm or 0.4% distance to target, whichever is greater Operational Accuracy: +-2.5 cm (typical field conditions) Resolution: 0.5 mm Campbell Scientific SR50 Ultrasonic distance sensor Accuracy: 1 cm or 0.4% of distance to target, whichever is greater Resolution: 0.25 mm http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/retired/sr50.pdf Campbell Scientific SR50A Ultrasonic distance sensor Accuracy: 1 cm or 0.4% of distance to target, whichever is greater Resolution: 0.25 mm http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/sr50a.pdf =============================== == Data Collection Procedure == =============================== For both research regions early data collection was limited to on-site data retrieval. Beginning in 2000 a Freewave FGR series 900 MHz radio network was incrementally installed on the Seward Peninsula for automated data retrieval. Ivotuk sites were telemetered using HDR-GOES until a Starband access was established in Ivotuk at which point the sites moved to an FGR series 900 MHz radio network. Data is also collected locally during stations visits, which occur several times annually generally during the June to October peiod. During the ATLAS project 1999 - 2002 winter time site visits also occured. ==================================================== == Derived Parameters and Mathematical Operations == ==================================================== 1998 to Summer 2007 Eppley PIR Longwave Radiometers had a lead-mercury installed annually to temperature correct the longwave radiation signal. In 2007 the K2 10m Met site and C2 Blueberry site were rewired and reprogrammed to use the thermistor in the PIR rather than the battery. For most years (excepting 2006 at the K2 10m Met site) Eppley PIR and PSP calibration constants to convert sensor signal from milliVolt output to radiation (W/m^2) was done on the logger during program run-time. Net Radiation is logged in milliVolts and sensor calibration values as well as wind speed correction are applied during QA/QC in Fairbanks. Soil Temperatures are logged with units of resistance in kilo-Ohms. On the logger the milli-Volt signal of the sensors are converted to resistance. During QA/QC in Fairbanks resistance is converted to temperature and any freezing point offset is applied if required. Snow signal is recorded as distance in meters to ground / snow surface. Sensor distance to ground is recalculated every fall. ===================== == Parameter units == ===================== Radiation: Watts per meter squared Temperature: Degrees Celsius Relative Humidity: Percent Precipitaiton: millimeters of water Snow Depth: meters of snow Wind Speed: meters per second Wind Direction: degrees Soil Moisture: Percent Stage: meters Discharge: cubic meters per second ================== == DATA REMARKS == ================== Eppley PSP / PIR sensor use original calibration data from when purchased in 1998. In 2009 sensors were sent back for factory recalibration. Rebs Q7_1 net radiation sensors were sent back for factory recalibration in fall 2008/2009 Early in the project Eppley PSP/ PIR sensors were removed annually. Later they were left out all winter. Winter data is potentially (though not absolutely) suspect due to winter conditions such as snow build-up on sensor and frost on the sensing hemisphere. snow / frost on a PIR sensor will result in a reading that is just measuring the temperature of the snow/frost on the hemisphere rather than the measurement of the atmosphere temperature / ground temperature. Snow/frost on a PSP sensor will result in a shading of the sensor and a reduction in the value registered in W/m^2. Dessicant in the radiation sensors is replaced annually, normally in June during the first summer visit. Eppley PIR sensors originally used a lead-mercury battery to excite a thermistor in the dome for temperature correction. These batteries haven't been made for several years so in 2007 the PIR dome thermistors were wired into the logger and measured there. However, in years prior to 2007 where there is a failure (6999) in the data it is probably due to the battery dying. The batteries haven't been made for many years since they are hazardous so didn't always have a good charge when they were installed at the sites. C2 Blueberry site had this happen several times. See the individual radiation files to see what Rebs Q7.1 radiation sensor is installed at a site each year. The Ivotuk sites had the same sensors consistently over the record but the Seward Peninsula radiometers sometimes moved around year to year. Beginning in 2009 HMP45C sensors are slowly being replaced with newly calibrated sensor heads. Sometimes bad data is recorded by the HMP45C. This is sometimes attributable to sensor failure but more often an animal will bump it or rime ice build-up forces the HMP45C cable to separate from the sensor head. At the radio repeater sites winter anemomter data is sometimes suspect due to rime ice build-up on the sensor. Data is included in this data set but be aware. It is easy to identify when wind speed and direction drop to zero but at other times the wind speed may be reading a speed less than true due to icing. SR50 / UDG01 / SR50A sonic sensors should have the sensor transducer replaced annually for best operation however this did not happen until 2007. The net result is a lower quality in the data signal with a higher noise to signal ratio. Also contributing to noisy readings with these sensors is blowing snow. It blows quite a bit in these areas contributing to difficulty estimating a good snow surface over some periods during winter. From at least 2005 to present (perhaps earlier but unverified) vegetation below snow sensors has been trimmed to the ground surface in the fall in a 30 degree arc below the sensor following the procedure outlined in the Campbell Scientific SR50 and SR50A manuals. Animal damage is an ongoing concern. C3 Guy Rowe was removed due to regular bear attacks. Failure (6999 readings) for soil temperature thermistors and soil moisture sensors is generally attributable to animal damage or sensor degradation from the freeze/thaw forces (temperature only for freeze/thaw) A tundra fire damaged the K2 Met site in 2002. Quite a bit of data was lost in the fire since the site was not on the radio network at that point. Other gaps are present in the data record for this and other sites due to battery failure. The energy issue became less prevalent over time but there are some gaps in the early part of the record. Rime ice is significant at the high radio repeaters. All of the RM Young 05103 anemometers installed at the Kigluaiks and Anvil mountain repeaters were destroyed by ice. In 2009 these two sites will be fitted with heavy-duty Taylor Scientific wind sets. Precipitation data uses a tipping bucket rain gage at all sites. The data is labeled summer precipitation but winter tips are left in these data files inconsistently. Generally, if there is precipitation in the tipping bucket record and air temperatures are well below freezing or the precipitation could be snow melting in the bucket during the shoulder seasons it should be ignored as unrepresentative of the meteorology at the moment. All text files are comma separated and probably (unverified) end with DOS style end of line characters. Generally the quality of the data is thought to be very good. During the late fall, winter and early spring air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction sensors can all experience rime ice or freezing precipitation. When this occurs the data collected by these sensors may be adversely affected. The sites are visited approximately every three months and the sensors are cleaned. The soil moisture data is generally considered a relative indicator of soil moisture. A calibration equation was not determined for each individual site, but rather a general equation was used for soils with an electrical conductivity of less than 1.0 dS m-1. As with all sensors placed in the active layer in the Arctic, the soil moisture and soil temperature sensors are subject to an annual freeze and thaw cycle, this has caused some of the sensors to fail prematurely. Sensor outages occur periodically due to animal damage and equipment failure. Position information recorded in the field using a GPS. Elevation information estimated from topographic maps.