Russian Hydrographic Data ___________________________________________________________________ For more information, please contact: Dr. James Morison morison@apl.washington.edu (206) 543-1394 or Roger Andersen roger@apl.washington.edu (206) 543-1258 Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington 1013 NE 40th, Seattle, WA 98105-6698 USA FAX (206) 616-3142 ___________________________________________________________________ Please find attached data files provided by the Arctic and Anarctic Research Institute through our grant "Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Arctic Mixed Layer from Russian and American Data", NSF Grant #OPP-9708635. Although this wasn't a SHEBA grant, the data has a strong relevance to SHEBA, because it helps put the SHEBA ocean data in historical perspective. The data includes: Beaufort_ML_Quadrangle that gives mixed layer salinity and temperature from Russian hydrographic stations in a rectangle around the start position of the SHEBA drift. NPstations_2&12&22&31 that includes derived mixed layer properities, and representative profiles from North Pole Drifting Stations 2, 21, 22, and 31. These are in the general area of the SHEBA drift. Mixed_Layer_Depths_1970s that includes mixed layer depths at Russian stations taken in the 1970s in the Arctic Ocean. The depths were calculated objectively by applying three different criteria (maximum density gradient, maximum second derivative of density, and gradient doubling) to a double exponential fit to the density profiles. The folder also includes a spatially gridded field of the mixed layer depths computed using the maximum gradient method. Russian Temperature and Salinity Averages near the SHEBA Area This file contains averages of temperature and salinity from 148 historical Russian oceanographic stations within 100 kilometers of the SHEBA drift track for the depths indicated. Since the depths sampled varied between stations and programs, a different number of stations went into the averages at each depth. These data were provided by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute through NSF Grant #OPP-9708635, "Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Arctic Mixed Layer from Russian and American Data". Column 1 - Depth (meters) Column 2 - Temperature (íC) Column 3 - Salinity (psu) Russian Temperature and Salinity Anomalies near the SHEBA Area This data archive is a collection of oceanographic stations of temperature and salinity anomalies relative to the average temperature and salinity of those stations that recorded a measurement at each given depth. The collection was chosen from Russian North Pole Station and Sever Program measurements between 1949 and 1989 within 100 kilometers of the SHEBA drift track. There are 148 stations, listed in sequence in chronological order. Included with this file is a file listing the temperature and salinity averages (SHEBA_Area_TS_Averages). Since the depths sampled varied between stations and programs, a different number of stations went into the averages at each depth. These data were provided by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute through NSF Grant #OPP-9708635, "Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Arctic Mixed Layer from Russian and American Data". All data is plain ASCII text. Bad or no data is represented by -99.990. Column 1 - sequence number (1 Ò 148) Column 2 - station type (NP = 1, Sever = 2) Column 3 - Russian program station number Column 4 - Original Russian database number of station Column 5 - Month Column 6 - Day Column 7 - Year (1949 Ò 1989) Column 8 - Latitude (decimal íNorth) Column 9 - Longitude (decimal íEast), all are negative. Column 10 - Depth (meters) Column 11 - Anomalies of Temperature (íC) Column 12 - Anomalies of Salinity (psu) ______________________________________________ Data File: DeltaCont_NP2%2612%2622%2631 1- column NBD:number of database 2- column EXPED:expedition 3- column NST:number of hydrological station 4- column DAT:Date in german format day.month.year 5- column TIME:Time hour.sec 6- column XL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 7- column YL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 8- column RCOORDIN: flag, if RCOORDIN=9 then coordinates are interpolated 9-column SER: serial 10-column DT: data&time of observation 11-column H:thehorizont of active layer where the data are measured 12-column DT_B: delta between temperatures [*c] in situ horizont of active layer where the data are measured and 5 meters 13-column DTP:delta between temperatures [*c] /potential/ horizont of active layer where the data are measured and 5 meters 14-Óolumn DS:delta between salinity [psu] in situ horizont of active layer where the data are measured and 5 meters 15-column DSIGMA_0:delta between density [arb.unit]/H=0 (m)/ horizont of active layer where the data are measured and 5 meters 16-column DSIGMA_Z:delta between density [arb.unit]/H=Z (m)/ horizont of active layer where the data are measured and 5 meters ______________________________________________ Data File: HeatCont_NP2%2612%2622%2631 1- column NBD:number of database 2- column EXPED:expedition 3- column NST:number of hydrological station 4- column DAT:Date in german format day.month.year 5- column TIME:Time hour.sec 6- column FI:Latitude(geographical) 7- column LY:Longtitude(geographical) 8- column XL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 9- column YL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 10-column RCOORDIN: flag, if RCOORDIN=9 then coordinations are interpolated 11-column DT: data&time of observation 12-column TSD000_010 heat content [MJ/m2]-layer 0-10 meters 13-column TSD000_030 heat content [MJ/m2]-layer 0-30 meters 14-column TSD000_040 heat content [MJ/m2]-layer 0-40 meters 15-column TSD000_050 heat content [MJ/m2]-layer 0-50 meters 16-column TSD000_060 heat content [MJ/m2]-layer 0-60 meters 17-column TSD000_150 heat content [MJ/m2]-layer 0-150 meters ______________________________________________ Data File: Hmax_NP2%2612%2622%2631 1- column NBD:number of database 2- column EXPED:expedition 3- column NST:number of hydrological station 4- column DAT:Date in german format day.month.year 5- column TIME:Time hour.sec 6- column FI:Latitude(geographical) 7- column LY:Longtitude(geographical) 8- column XL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 9- column YL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 10-column RCOORDIN: flag, if RCOORDIN=9 then coordinations are interpolated 11-column SER: serial 12-column DT: data&time of observation 13-column HN:the lower horizont of active layer where the data are measured 14-column HV: the upper horizont of active layer where the data are measured 15-column Z: depth of lower boundary of active layer in meters 16-column GD: value of maximum density gradient concerning the depth of lower boundary of active layer ______________________________________________ Data File: SaltCont_NP2%2612%2622%2631 1- column NBD:number of database 2- column EXPED:expedition 3- column NST:number of hydrological station 4- column DAT:Date in german format day.month.year 5- column TIME:Time hour.sec 6- column FI:Latitude(geographical) 7- column LY:Longtitude(geographical) 8- column XL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 9- column YL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 10-column RCOORDIN: flag, if RCOORDIN=9 then coordinations are interpolated 11-column DT: data&time of observation 12-column SSD000_010 salt content [kg/m2]-layer 0-10 meters 13-column SSD000_030 salt content [kg/m2]-layer 0-30 meters 14-column SSD000_040 salt content [kg/m2]-layer 0-40 meters 15-column SSD000_050 salt content [kg/m2]-layer 0-50 meters 16-column SSD000_060 salt content [kg/m2]-layer 0-60 meters 17-column SSD000_150 salt content [kg/m2]-layer 0-150 meters ______________________________________________ Data File: TSDensity_NP2%2612%2622%2631 1- column NBD:number of database 2- column EXPED:expedition 3- column NST:number of hydrological station 4- column DAT:Date in german format day.month.year 5- column TIME:Time hour.sec 6- column XL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 7- column YL:Lateral Coordination in km*10 from center of North Pole 8- column RCOORDIN: flag, if RCOORDIN=9 then coordinations are interpolated 9- column SER: serial 10-column DT: data&time of observation 11-column PTSR:mean potential temperature [*c] in active layer 12-column SSR: mean salinity [psu] in active layer 13-column SIGMA_PSR: mean density [arb.unit]in active layer ______________________________________________ Data File: Vaisila_NP2%2612%2622%2631 1- column NBD:number of database 2- column EXPED:expedition 3- column NST:number of hydrological station 4- column DAT:Date in german format day.month.year 5- column TIME:Time hour.sec 6- column FI:Latitude(geographical) 7- column LY:Longtitude(geographical) 8- column RCOORDIN: flag, if RCOORDIN=9 then coordinates are interpolated 9- column HN:LOWER MEASURED HORIZONT (M) 10- column HV:UPPER MEASURED HORIZONT (M) 11-column Z: Z=(HN+HV)/2 12-column Den_N:Density [arb.unit] lower horizont 13-column Den_V:Density [arb.unit] upper horizont 14-column GD:gradient of density between upper&lower horizont 15-column VB_S: frequency of Vaisila [1/sec] 16-column VB_H: frequency of Vaisila [1/hour] ______________________________________________