Aerial Marine Mammal Observervation Data from the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, 2006-2010

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc.

Publication_Date: August 2013

Title:

Aerial Marine Mammal Observervation Data from the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, 2006-2010

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data

Online_Linkage: pacmars.eol.ucar.edu

Online_Linkage: www.chukchiscience.org

Edition: 1

Description:

Abstract:

The data contained in this data set are derived from marine mammal observers aboard aircrafts flown at 1000 ft to 1500 ft. The data contains marine mammal sightings data and associated environmental data collected during the open water season 2006-2010 (excluding 2009) in Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Sea. In addition, this metadata describes aerial navigational GPS data recorded during observations. Data collection methods changed slightly between years. The metadata for each attribute should be studied carefully before these data are used for analyses. The parameters for this data set include the type of data recorded; the consecutive number of the survey; the number of the transect; the area the survey was flown in; the latitude and longitude of the location of observation; the local data and time for the observation; data taken from the left and right side of the plane include: type of ice, the percentage of ice cover, the percentage of slush cover, the Beaufort scale, the amount of sun glare on the water, the ability of the observer to see a marine mammal under the current environmental conditions; the altitude of the plane; the air temperature outside the aircraft; the wind velocity; the cloud cover; the initials of the primary observer for the right and left side of the plane; the initials of the data recorder; the initials of a secondary observer for the right and left side of the plane; environmental conditions comments; the sighting ID; the species of marine mammal sighted by observer; the total count of animal(s); the adult count of animal(s); the sub-adult count of animal(s); the mother/calf pair count; the calf count; the unknown age count; sighting cues that initially made the observer notice the marine mammal; the activity of the animal(s); the behaviors of the animal(s); the relative speed of the animal(s) travel; the direction the animal(s) is moving in compass degrees; the determination of the density analysis criteria of a sighting; the initials of the observer who made the sighting; the depression angle from the horizon to the sighting as determined using a inclinometer; and sighting comments.

Purpose:

These data document marine mammal sightings from aircrafts operated by Shell. They also add to baseline data collected on marine mammals in the arctic.

Supplemental_Information:

This metadata file has not been reviewed by the contractor who created the data set.
This metadata file was created for the following data setsl: Shell_MM_A_OBS_BF_CK_2006_08_2010_Ed1.csv Shell_MM_A_XECT_BF_2006_08_2010_Ed1.csv Shell_MM_A_XECT_CK_2006_Ed1.csv Shell_MM_A_XECT_CK_2007_Ed1.csv Shell_MM_A_XECT_CK_2008_Ed1.csv Shell_MM_A_XECT_CK_2010_Ed1.csv

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20060709

Ending_Date: 20101011

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Chukchi Sea surveys extend from Barrow to Point Hope with a survey along the coast in a sawtooth pattern extending 37 km offshore and another survey following the coastline between Barrow and Point Hope. The Beaufort Sea aerial surveys extend from Camden Bay to Harrison Bay and is selected each year based on the area of seismic avtivity planned for that year.

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -167.840048

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -151.121033

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 71.953270

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 66.869113

Bounding_Altitudes:

Altitude_Minimum: 116

Altitude_Maximum: 6842

Altitude_Distance_Units: feet

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: marine mammals

Theme_Keyword: bowhead whale

Theme_Keyword: gray whale

Theme_Keyword: walrus

Theme_Keyword: beluga whale

Theme_Keyword: whales

Theme_Keyword: seals

Theme_Keyword: biology

Theme_Keyword: polar bear

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Alaska

Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea

Place_Keyword: Chukchi Sea

Place_Keyword: Camden Bay

Place_Keyword: Harrison Bay

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Stratum_Keyword: aerial surveys

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Temporal_Keyword: 2006

Temporal_Keyword: 2007

Temporal_Keyword: 2008

Temporal_Keyword: 2010

Theme:

Theme_Keyword: oceans

Theme_Keyword: environment

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Taxonomic_Keywords: mammals

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom

Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum

Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum

Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Class

Taxon_Rank_Value: Mammalia

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order

Taxon_Rank_Value: Cetacea

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Suborder

Taxon_Rank_Value: Mysticeti

Applicable_Common_Name: baleen whales

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Balaenidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Balaena

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: mysticetus

Applicable_Common_Name: bowhead whale

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Eschrichtiidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Eschrichtius

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: robustus

Applicable_Common_Name: gray whale

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder

Taxon_Rank_Value: Odontoceti

Applicable_Common_Name: toothed whales

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Monodontidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Delphinapterus

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: leucas

Applicable_Common_Name: beluga

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Phocoena

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: phocoena

Applicable_Common_Name: harbor porpoise

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order

Taxon_Rank_Value: Carnivora

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Phocidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Erignathus

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: barbatus

Applicable_Common_Name: bearded seal

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Phoca

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: hispida

Applicable_Common_Name: ringed seal

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: largha

Applicable_Common_Name: spotted seal

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Histriophoca

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: fasciata

Applicable_Common_Name: ribbon seal

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Odobenidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Odobenus

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: rosmarus

Applicable_Common_Name: Pacific walrus

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursus

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: maritimus

Applicable_Common_Name: polar bear

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

User shall not employ selective use of this data; data must be used in its entirety. User must comprehend all information contained within the metadata, especially as it pertains to data quality and spatial coverage of data. User must ensure that the most recent version of data and metadata are used. User must contact data originator of biological data before using such data in a publication. Acknowledgment of data originator and all points of contact listed for data would be appreciated.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Shell

Contact_Position: Senior Scientist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: Shell, 3601 C Street, Suite 1000

City: Anchorage

State_or_Province: AK

Postal_Code: 99503

Contact_Instructions:

Please contact Data Distributor for information about obtaining data (see Distribution Information in metadata).

Data_Set_Credit:

Shell would like to express their appreciation to Dale Funk, LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc. for creating this data set.

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report: not applicable

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Position information was recorded using a GPS set to the WGS84 datum. Please note that all positions represent the location of the aircraft of observation. Positions associated with marine mammal sightings represent the location of the aircraft, and have not been adjusted to account for the animal's distance from the aircraft.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description: No process steps have been described for this data set

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0

Longitude_Resolution: 0

Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Degrees and decimal minutes

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988

Altitude_Distance_Units: feet

Altitude_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Positional and Environmental Data

Entity_Type_Definition:

Positional and environmental data associated with MMO observations. Environmental data collected every 2 minutes along a transect, except altitude, temperature and cloud cover were collected at beginning and end of transects.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Type

Attribute_Definition: Type of data recorded; environmental, sighting, or transect

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1,2,3,4,5,6

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1=start transect 2=end transect 3=pause transect 4=resume transect 5=time period (environmental) 6=sighting

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Survey

Attribute_Definition:

Survey numbered in a sequential pattern starting with one for each year and aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-60,EB1,ICE,SNACS,13b,19b,51-C,53-C,7a,7b,X

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1-60=numbered surveys, EB1=ice survey, ICE=ice survey, SNACS=bowhead survey east of Barrow, 13b=survey flown by the aircraft based out of Barrow, 19b=same survey flown on previous day called 19, 51-C=survey flown by the aircraft based out of Barrow, 53-C=survey flown by the aircraft based out of Barrow, 7a=first part of survey flown on 3Aug2010, 7b=second part of survey flown on 3Aug2010, X=aborted survey

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Transect

Attribute_Definition:

Numbered transects starting with one for each year and aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-144,NS,NS/IE,S3-S9,ICE,OLY-1,OLY-2,OLY-3,suv-1,X

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1-144=numbered transect 1-22 for Chukchi surveys in a sawtooth pattern, 1-144 in the Beaufort in a perpendicular to shore pattern, NS and NS/IE= nearshore survey along the Chukchi coast, S3-S9= SNACS transect lines east of Barrow, ICE=Ice survey, OLY-1 to OLY-3, and suv-1=transect lines flown in 2006 for seismic vessel. X=off transect

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Area

Attribute_Definition: The area the survey was flown in.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Chukchi,Beaufort,Camden Bay,Harrison Bay,Sivulliq

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Lat

Attribute_Definition: degrees decimal minutes latitude the data was acquired at.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 68.21047

Range_Domain_Maximum: 71.8072

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees decimal minutes

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Long

Attribute_Definition: degrees decimal minutes longitude the data was acquired at.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -143.0122

Range_Domain_Maximum: -167.7366

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees decimal minutes

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DateTime

Attribute_Definition: Date Time Stamp in Alaska Daylight Time

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Any date/time combination

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: L_IceType

Attribute_Definition:

Type of ice present on the left side of the aircraft, if any. Note that this data was not collected in 2006 and 2007.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: X,N,B,P,IC,SF,MF,BF,LF,VF,GF,BT,ST,BI,FI,ML

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

X=No ice present N=New (Small, thin, newly formed, dinner plate-sized pieces) B=Brash (Broken pieces <2 m across) P=Pancake (Rounded floes 30 cm-3 m across with ridged rims) IC=Ice Cake (Level piece 3-20 m across) SF=Small Floe (Level piece 20-100 m across) MF=Medium Floe (Level, continuous piece 100-500 m across) BF or LF=Big Floe (Level, continuous piece 500 m-2 km across) VF=Vast Floe (Level, continuous piece 2-10 km across) GF=Giant Floe (Level, continuous piece >10 km across) BT=Belt (Linear accumulation of sea ice from 1 km to >100 km wide) ST=Strip (Linear accumulation of sea ice <1 km wide) BI=Beach Ice (Irregular, sediment-laden blocks that are grounded on tidelands, repeatedly submerged, and floated free by spring tides) FI=Fast Ice (Ice formed and remaining attached to the shore) ML=multiple number of ice types not specified, Hyphens between types represent different types of ice in area, for example B-SF=brash,pancake,ice cake and small floes all present in order from smallest to largest.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: L_IceCvr

Attribute_Definition: Percent ice cover within 2 km of the aircraft on the left side.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: L_SlushCvr

Attribute_Definition:

Percent slush cover within 2 km of the aircraft on the left side. Note that this data was not collected in 2006 and 2007.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: L_Bf

Attribute_Definition: Beaufort wind force on the left side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

0=glassy seas 1=ripples 2=small wavelets 3=occasional whitecaps 4=frequent small whitecaps 5=frequent moderate whitecaps 6=many large whitecaps 7=large waves with foam crests and spray 8=gale winds

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: L_glare

Attribute_Definition:

Amount of sun glare on the water on the left side of the aircraft that would impair visibility.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0,1,2,3,4

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

0=no glare 1=up to 10% glare 2= 10-30% glare 3=>30% and <70% glare 4= >70% glare

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: L_sight

Attribute_Definition:

The ability of an observor to see a marine mammals under the current environmental conditions on the left side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0,1,2,3,4

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

0=excellent 1=good 2=moderately impaired 3=seriously impaired 4=impossible

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: R_IceType

Attribute_Definition:

Type of ice present on the right side of the aircraft, if any. Note that this data was not collected in 2006 and 2007.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: X,N,B,P,IC,SF,MF,BF,LF,VF,GF,BT,ST,BI,FI,ML

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

X=No ice present N=New (Small, thin, newly formed, dinner plate-sized pieces) B=Brash (Broken pieces <2 m across) P=Pancake (Rounded floes 30 cm-3 m across with ridged rims) IC=Ice Cake (Level piece 3-20 m across) SF=Small Floe (Level piece 20-100 m across) MF=Medium Floe (Level, continuous piece 100-500 m across) BF or LF=Big Floe (Level, continuous piece 500 m-2 km across) VF=Vast Floe (Level, continuous piece 2-10 km across) GF=Giant Floe (Level, continuous piece >10 km across) BT=Belt (Linear accumulation of sea ice from 1 km to >100 km wide) ST=Strip (Linear accumulation of sea ice <1 km wide) BI=Beach Ice (Irregular, sediment-laden blocks that are grounded on tidelands, repeatedly submerged, and floated free by spring tides) FI=Fast Ice (Ice formed and remaining attached to the shore) ML=multiple number of ice types not specified, Hyphens between types represent different types of ice in area, for example B-SF=brash,pancake,ice cake and small floes all present in order from smallest to largest.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: R_IceCvr

Attribute_Definition:

Percent ice cover within 2 km of the aircraft on the right side.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: R_SlushCvr

Attribute_Definition:

Percent slush cover within 2 km of the aircraft on the right side. Note that this data was not collected in 2006 and 2007.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: R_Bf

Attribute_Definition: Beaufort wind force on the right side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

0=glassy seas 1=ripples 2=small wavelets 3=occasional whitecaps 4=frequent small whitecaps 5=frequent moderate whitecaps 6=many large whitecaps 7=large waves with foam crests and spray 8=gale winds

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: R_glare

Attribute_Definition:

Amount of sun glare on the water on the right side of the aircraft that would impair visibility.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0,1,2,3,4

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

0=no glare 1=up to 10% glare 2= 10-30% glare 3=>30% and <70% glare 4= >70% glare

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: R_sight

Attribute_Definition:

The ability of an observor to see a marine mammals under the current environmental conditions on the right side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0,1,2,3,4

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

0=excellent 1=good 2=moderately impaired 3=seriously impaired 4=impossible

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Alt

Attribute_Definition: Altitude the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 116

Range_Domain_Maximum: 6842

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: feet

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Temp

Attribute_Definition: Air temperature outside the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -15

Range_Domain_Maximum: 24

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees celcius

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Wind

Attribute_Definition: Wind speed in knots.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Cloud

Attribute_Definition: Cloud cover above the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Robs

Attribute_Definition: Primary observor on the right side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Initials of observer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Lobs

Attribute_Definition: Primary observor on the left side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Initials of observer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Drec

Attribute_Definition: Data recorder on the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Initials of observer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SecObsL

Attribute_Definition: Secondary observor on the left side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Initials of observer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SecObsR

Attribute_Definition: Secondary observor on the right side of the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Initials of observer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: EnvComments

Attribute_Definition: Comments made while in flight about environmental conditions

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: various environmental comments

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Sighting data

Entity_Type_Definition:

Marine mammal sightings data collected by aerial-based observers

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SightingID

Attribute_Definition:

Unique identifier assigned to marine mammal sightings, starting at 1 for each year and aircraft. Sightings recorded aboard each aircraft in a given year are assigned consecutive sighting ID numbers, beginning with 1. Each individual marine mammal or group of marine mammals (a group is defined loosely as individuals within ~5 body lengths of each other) retains the same sighting ID if re-sighted.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Species

Attribute_Definition: Species of marine mammal sighted by MMO during a survey

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:

BHW,WW,GW,UTW,UMW,UW,HW,HP,BS,RS,SS,US,RBS,PWA,PB,UP,U,MT,WT,BARGE,KAYAK,BOAT,VESSEL

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

BHW=bowhead whale, WW=beluga whale, GW=gray whale, UTW=unknown odontocete, UMW=unknown mysticete, UW=unknown whale, HW=humpback whale, HP=harbor porpoise, BS=bearded seal, RS=ringed seal, SS=spotted seal, RBS=ribbon seal, US=unknown seal, PWA=walrus, PB=polar bear, UP=unknown pinniped, U=unknown, MT=mud track (mud plumes from likely gray whales), WT=whale track (ring in water indicating recent dive), BARGE,KAYAK,BOAT and VESSEL=not animals but vessels on the water.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Num

Attribute_Definition:

Number of marine mammals seen in a sighting (a group is defined loosely as individuals within ~5 body lengths of each other). Any number larger than 50 is an approximate value. This column has an intercolumn relationship with the subsequent five coulmns where it should be equal to the combined value of the subsequent five columns (Adult, Subadult, MC , calf, and unknown)

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Adult_Count

Attribute_Definition: Number of known adults seen in the sighting

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Subadult_Count

Attribute_Definition: Number of known subadults seen in the sighting

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: M/C_Count

Attribute_Definition:

Number of known mother/calf pairs seen in the sighting (one mother/calf pair is counted as one)

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: calf_Count

Attribute_Definition:

Number of known calves seen in the sighting (not already counted in the M/C_Count)

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Unknown_Count

Attribute_Definition: Number of unknown age classes seen in the sighting

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Cue

Attribute_Definition:

The sighting cue that first made you notice the marine mammal. Note this was not coded in the Chukchi in 2006 and 2007, and in the Beaufort in 2006.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BL,BO,WA,MT,SP

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

BL=blow BO=body of animal WA=wake in water MT=mud track SP=splash in water

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Activity

Attribute_Definition:

The animal is working toward an overall goal based on a collection of behaviors.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: FE,RE,MIL,SOC,TRA,AER

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

FE=feeding RE=resting MIL=milling SOC=socializing TRA=traveling AER=aerial

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Behav1 and Behav2

Attribute_Definition: Movements or biological processes in which animals are engaged.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: WK,SA,LO,BL,DIV,SW,FO,HO,DE,CH,AV,BR,OT

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

WK=walking SA=surface activity LO=looking BL=blow DIV=diving SW=swimming FO=fluke-out dive HO=hauled out DE=dead CH=changing course AV=avoidance BR=breach OT=other

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Speed

Attribute_Definition: Relative speed of animal's travel

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: S,M,F,N

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

S=slow M=moderate F=fast N=not moving

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Heading

Attribute_Definition: Direction the animal is moving in compass degrees.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1

Range_Domain_Maximum: 360

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: In/Exclude

Attribute_Definition:

Determines wether a sighting meets density analysis criteria. Only IP and Y can be used to calculate density numbers. In 2006 and 2007 (Chukchi) Y, N, NC, YB were the codes used. In 2007 (Beaufort), 2008 and 2010 IP, IS, IO, EX were the codes used. EC and EN were introduced in 2010 and is similar to EX used in the previous year.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: IP,IS,IO,EX,EC,EN,YB,Y,N,NC

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

IP=include primary observor IS=include secondary observor (used for f(0). IO=include off-transect (used for f(0)) EX=exclude EC=exclude circling EN=exclude circling new sighting YB=on transect, but not useable for density calculation Y=include on transect N=exclude NC=exclude circling

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Obsvr

Attribute_Definition: MMO who made the sighting

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

initials of observor. PILOT means the aircraft pilot made the sighting.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Angle

Attribute_Definition:

Depression angle from the horizon to the sighting as determined using an inclinometer, when the marine mammal is perpendicular to the aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1

Range_Domain_Maximum: 90

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SightingComments

Attribute_Definition: Comments made during flight about the sighting data.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defines

Detailed_Description:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Survey

Attribute_Definition:

Survey numbered in a sequential pattern starting with one for each year and aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-60,EB1,ICE,SNACS,13b,19b,51-C,53-C,7a,7b,X

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1-60=numbered surveys, EB1=ice survey, ICE=ice survey, SNACS=bowhead survey east of Barrow, 13b=survey flown by the aircraft based out of Barrow, 19b=same survey flown on previous day called 19, 51-C=survey flown by the aircraft based out of Barrow, 53-C=survey flown by the aircraft based out of Barrow, 7a=first part of survey flown on 3Aug2010, 7b=second part of survey flown on 3Aug2010, X=aborted survey

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Type

Attribute_Definition: Type of data recorded; environmental, sighting, or transect

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1,2,3,4,5,6

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1=start transect 2=end transect 3=pause transect 4=resume transect 5=time period (environmental) 6=sighting

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Transect

Attribute_Definition:

Numbered transects starting with one for each year and aircraft.

Attribute_Definition_Source: developer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-144,NS,NS/IE,S3-S9,ICE,OLY-1,OLY-2,OLY-3,suv-1,X

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1-144=numbered transect 1-22 for Chukchi surveys in a sawtooth pattern, 1-144 in the Beaufort in a perpendicular to shore pattern, NS and NS/IE= nearshore survey along the Chukchi coast, S3-S9= SNACS transect lines east of Barrow, ICE=Ice survey, OLY-1 to OLY-3, and suv-1=transect lines flown in 2006 for seismic vessel. X=off transect

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Y

Attribute_Definition: Aircraft GPS latitude, WGS84

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: X

Attribute_Definition: Aircraft GPS longitude, WGS84

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Date_

Attribute_Definition: Date aircraft GPS coordinate recorded

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DateTime_

Attribute_Definition: Date and time aircraft GPS coordinate recorded

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Time_

Attribute_Definition: Time aircraft GPS coordinate recorded

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Source

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Nav

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Effort

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Details for Navigational Data

Entity_Type_Definition: Aerial transect locations

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: National Center for Atmospheric Research

Contact_Person: Earth Observing Laboratory

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical

Address: 3450 Mitchell Lane

City: Boulder

State_or_Province: CO

Postal_Code: 80301

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-497-8154

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: codiac@ucar.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: stott@ucar.edu

Distribution_Liability:

The user assumes the entire risk related to use of this data and information. NOAA and/or AOOS and their third party data providers are providing this data and information "as is," and disclaim any and all warranties, whether express or implied, including (without limitation) any warranties of completeness, utility. accuracy, merchantability or fitness of this data for a particular purpose. Shell makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, with regard to any of these data or metadata, as used alone or in combination with another data set, and expressly disclaim any representation or warranty. It is the responsibility of the data user to fully comprehend the metadata before use of the data. Each person accessing or using the data or metadata assumes all risks and all liabilities arising from or associated with such access or use. Shell shall have no responsibility or liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data or metadata or by improper or incorrect use of the data or metadata.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20130820

Metadata_Standard_Name:

FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints:

Shell makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, with regard to any of these data or metadata, as used alone or in combination with another data set, and expressly disclaim any representation or warranty. It is the responsibility of the data user to fully comprehend the metadata before use of the data. Each person accessing or using the data or metadata assumes all risks and all liabilities arising from or associated with such access or use. Shell shall have no responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions in the data or metadata or for any improper or incorrect use of the data or metadata.