TITLE: Toolik Snowfence Experiment: Moist site Salix pulchra quantitative data 1995-2001 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Dr. Marilyn Walker Leader, Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit USFS PNW Research Station and University of Alaska Fairbanks Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit School of Agriculture and Land Resources Management P.O. Box 756780 University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks, AK 99775-6780 Phone: 907-474-2424 Fax: 907-474-6251 E-mail: ffmdw@uaf.edu FUNDING SOURCE: National Science Foundation ARCTIC SYSTEM SCIENCE PROGRAM: Land-Atmosphere-Ice Interactions (LAII) and The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX) GRANT TITLES AND GRANT NUMBERS: 1994 - 1998: OPP-9400083 -- ITEX / Comparative Responses of Moist and Dry Arctic Tundra to Altered Snow and Temperature Regimes 1999 - 2003: OPP-9907127 -- ITEX / Collaborative Research: Species Responses to Changes in Climate Across Arctic Gradients Using the North America ITEX Network (NATEX): Influences On Community and Ecosystem Processes 1999 - 2003: OPP-9996383 -- ITEX / Comparative Responses of Moist and Dry Arctic Tundra to Altered Snow and Temperature Regimes CONDITIONS FOR USE AND CITATION: For permission to use these data, contact the Principal Investigator. Grant numbers must be cited in any manuscripts resulting from these data. In addition, a copy of the manuscript must be sent to the PI. DATA SET OVERVIEW: This file contains Salix pulchra quantitative data collected for the Toolik Snowfence Experiment from 1995 to 2001 at the moist tussock site. The Toolik Snowfence Project (part of the International Tundra Experiment network) examines the short- and long-term effects of increased snow depth (shortened growing season) and increased summer temperature on arctic tundra vegetation. The goal of this project is to assess potential changes in tundra plant communities in response to global climate change. Time period covered by data: 19950612 to 20010721 Physical location of measurement: Toolik Field Station, Alaska USA(68.62710 N, 149.59322 W) DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING: Data represented here were collected from 5 to 7 times each field season in the years 1995 through 2000. In 1995, longest leaf lengths of three plants were measured in each plot. In 1996-2001 six plants were measured in each plot and the following measurements were recorded: catkin length, number of new leaves, longest leaf length, and annual growth. In 2001, data were collected only at peak season. In 1996, weight of the longest leaf was also recorded. Each plant is tagged with metal markers and the main, most robust branch of the plant (used in measuring number of new leaves, longest leaf length and annual growth) is marked with "white-out". Each year at the beginning of the season the "white-out" mark is applied further up the branch to the end of the last year's growth and measurements taken only on the current year's growth. The Toolik Snowfence Experiment's design and manipulation are described further in: Walker, M. D., D. A. Walker, J. M. Welker, A. M. Arft, T. Bardsley, P. D. Brooks, J. T. Fahnestock, M. H. Jones, M. Losleben, A. N. Parsons, T. R. Seastedt and P. L. Turner. 1999. Long-term experimental manipulation of winter snow regime and summer temperature in arctic and alpine tundra. Hydrological Processes 13: 2315-2330. DATA FORMAT: File name: USTOOLIK_moist_salpul95-01.txt SUMMARY OF VARIABLES FOR 1995-2001 DATA 1. SITE: country/site/project title 2. YEAR: year of data collection 3. DATE: date of data collection (YYYYMMDD) 4. DAY_OF_YEAR: day of year of data collection 5. LOCATION: site; moist 6. ZONE: zones 0-6 7. PLOT: plot number 8. TREATMENT: treatment, either OTC (open topped chamber) or CTL (control) 9. PLANT: plant number (1-6) 10. NO_NEW_LEAVES: number of new leaves 11. LEAF_LENGTH: longest leaf length (mm) 12. ANNUAL_GROWTH: annual growth (mm) 13. LONGEST_LEAF_WEIGHT: weight of longest leaf (mg) 14. CATKIN_LENGTH1... CATKIN_LENGTH7: length all catkins on the plant (mm) 15. SUPPLEMENT 16. NOTES DESCRIPTION OF SELECT VARIABLES: SITE USTOOLIK: Toolik Field Station, Alaska, USA; Comparative responses of moist and dry arctic tundra to altered snow and temperature regimes LOCATION Research site: Snowfences are erected and grids established at both a moist tussock site (68.62032 N, 149.59931) and a dry heath site (68.62261 N, 149.59589 W). In addition, monitored plots are established where a natural snowdrift occurs. This site is referred to as the snowfield. ZONE Snow manipulation: A 60 m snowfence is aligned on an east-west axis at both the moist and dry sites. Both snowfences are perpendicular to the predominant winter winds from the Brooks Range to the south, effectively creating a leeward drift 50-60 m long on the north side of the fence. An established grid on the north side of the fence divides the drift into 6 parallel zones (60 m x 10 m). Zone number increases from 1 to 6, as distance from the snowfence increases. Zones 1, 2 and 3 accumulate the most snow (2-3 m), while zones 4, 5 and 6 accumulate the least snow (0.5-2 m). Zone 0 (the control) is located adjacent to the snowfence grid and does not receive supplemental snow. TREATMENT ITEX temperature manipulation. OTC: Open-topped chamber (warming), CTL: No chamber (control) NO_NEW_LEAVES Number of new leaves on the marked robust branch. LEAF_LENGTH Longest leaf length of the new leaves on the marked robust branch. The leaf is measured from the tip of the leaf to the base of the blade (excluding the petiole). ANNUAL_GROWTH Annual growth of the marked robust branch. The distance from the last bud scar to the tip of the branch is recorded. Leaf petioles of leaves at the tip of the branch are not counted in this measurement. LONGEST_LEAF_WEIGHT Weight of longest leaf includes the petiole except on occasions where an asterisk (*) occurs in the cell with the recorded number. In these instances the measurement did not include the petiole. CATKIN_LENGTH1... CATKIN_LENGTH7 Catkin length is measured on every catkin on the plant. Length is measured from the tip of the catkin to the base and does not include the pedicel. Catkin number varies from zero to seven. SUPPLEMENT An "S" in this column indicates data was collected from a plot supplemental to the original. CODES USED IN DATA SET In all years "-9999" indicates missing data. DATA REMARKS: None to date. LOCATION OF ORIGINAL DATA SHEETS: Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA DOCUMENTATION AUTHOR: Original: Julie A. Crawford, 25 May, 2001 Updated by: Amy Breen Carroll, 29 January, 2002 Updated by: Amy Breen Carroll, 18 February, 2002 PRINCIPAL FIELD WORKERS: Andrew Borner PRINCIPAL POSTDOCS: Michael H. Jones Anna Arft PUBLICATIONS WHICH INCLUDE THESE DATA: Arft, A. M., M. D. Walker, J. Gurevitch, J. M. Alatalo, M. S. Bret-Harte, M. Dale, M. Diemer, F. Gugerli, G. H. R. Henry, M. H. Jones, R. D. Hollister, I. S. Jonsdottir, K. Laine, E. Levesque, G. M. Marion, U. Molau, P. Molgaard, U. Nordenhall, V. Raszhivin, C. H. Robinson, G. Starr, A. Stenstrom, M. Stenstrom, O. Totland, P. L. Turner, L. J. Walker, P. J. Webber, J. M. Welker and P. A. Wookey. 1999. Responses of tundra plants to experimental warming: Meta-analysis of the International Tundra Experiment Ecological Monographs 69(4): 491-511.