Maintaining Weather Observation and Operationa1 Summary
                      Sheet (CG-4380B).

      1.  General Requirements and Instructions.

          a.  Weather observers are required to ensure that
               weather elements are accurately evaluated and
               correctly entered in the log.

          b.  Units shall log the state of the weather hourly while
               at sea and every fourth hour while in port.
              The prescribed observation interval is a minimum which
               may be shortened at the discretion of the Commanding
               Officer or Officer-in-Charge.

          c.  Entries for temperature and barometer are required
               only when a suitable measuring device is available.

          d.  The heading of each Weather Observation and
               Operationa1 Summary Sheet shall be appropriately
               completed.

      2.  Tabular Entries.


         a.  DISTANCE  TRAVELED - Enter to the nearest tenth the
              miles made good each hour.

          b.  WIND:

              (1)  Direction - Enter the true wind direction in
                    degrees indicating direction FROM which the wind
                    is blowing.

              (2)  Speed - Enter the true wind speed in knots.  In
                     the absence of an anemometer, check the box at
                     the head of the column and estimate wind speed
                     using enclosure (1), Table 3.

          c.  VISIBILITY - Enter the average visibility in miles.
                For visibilities less than 2 miles, enter the
                visibility in miles and tenths of miles, and for
                visibilities less than 100 yards, enter 0.

          d.  WEATHER - Enter the symbol or symbols for descriptive
                characteristics of the weather.

          e.  BAROMETER - Enter the barometer reading (corrected)
               to the nearest 100th of an inch (e.g. 29.94).  When
               the unit's barometer is scaled in millibars, strike
               out "inches" in the column heading and enter the
               pressure to the nearest 10th of a millibar (e.g.
               1001.4).  Note that this entry is station pressure
               and not sea level pressure.  To convert station
               pressure to sea level pressure, add a pressure factor
               determined by multiplying the height in feet of the
               barometer above sea level by 0.001 inches or 0.034
               millibars.

          f.  TEMPERATURE - Enter the dry and wet bulb
               temperatures to the nearest degree Fahrenheit, as
               shown by exposed thermometers.

          g.  CLOUDS:

              (1)  Amount - Enter the portion of the sky obscured by
                    clouds in parts 1 to 10.  For example, 0 will
                    indicate entirely clear, while 7 will indicate
                    that 7/10ths of the total sky is obscured.

              (2)  Type - Enter the abbreviation for the distinctive
                    cloud forms in conformity.
                    Do not enter more than one cloud form
                    for any hour.

          h.  SEA WATER TEMPERATURE - Enter the near surface
                temperature of the sea water in degrees Fahrenheit.

           i.  WAVES:

              (1)  General - only one swell system will be recorded
                    unless the height and direction of a second
                    system are clearly defined.  Systems differing by
                    30 degrees or more in direction and having a
                    period difference or 4 seconds or more will be
                    considered as separate systems and separately
                    entered.

              (2)  Direction - Wave direction, like wind direction,
                    is the direction FROM which waves are coming.
                    Enter the true wave direction in degrees.

              (3)  Height - The recorded height will be the average
                    of the estimated heights of the larger, well-
                    formed waves as measured from crest to trough.

      3.  Operational Summary.

          a.  This section of CG-4380B is self-explanatory.  Most
               items are designed to eliminate long entries in the
               Remarks section of the log.  Data entered in the
               Operational Summary section should not be repeated in
               the Remarks.

ICE  OBSERVATION

FLOE ICE SIZE

As sea ice forms, it does not remain in a single sheet of
ice.  The effects of wind, sea, swell, currents, and tides
all acts to breaks up the ice into pieces.  These pieces are
name depending on their size.

PANCAKE ICE (PK) Consists of a roughly circular pieces of
ice 30 cm to 3 m  in diameter, and up to 10 cm in thickness.
The pancake have a raised rim as a result of their striking
against each other. The pancakes have a raised rim as a
result of their striking against each other.  They develop
either on a slight swell from grease ice, shuga, or slush or
as a result of large swells breaking up previously formed
nilas or thicker forms (such as grey ice).

BRASH, CAKES (CK) Describe accumulations of ice made up of
fragments with the largest dimension no greater than 2
meters. Cakes are relatively flat with the largest
dimension no greater than 20 meters. Small Ice Cakes are
less than 2 meters in horizontal extent. Hence, brash ice is
comprised or small ice cakes.

ICE FLOES.

Size Comparison
Cake Ice                                         Half of a basketball court
Small Floe (SF)       20-100 m                   City Block
Medium Floe (MF) 100-500 m                       Aircraft Carrier
Big Floe (BF)          500-2000 m                Golf course
Vast Floe (VF)        2-10 km                    Small City
Giant Floe (GV)       >10 km