TITLE: Particulate Organic and Elemental Carbon at Four Japanese Remote Islands

AUTHORS:
 
     Names:         Mitsuo Uematsu (PI) and Kiyoshi Matsumoto (data contact)
     Affiliation:   Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo
     Address:       1-15-1, Minamidai, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8639, Japan
     Tel & Fax:     3-5351-6533
     E-mail:        uematsu@ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp (M.Uematsu), 
                    kiyoshi@ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp (K.Matsumoto)

1.0 DATA SET OVERVIEW:

     Introduction: 

       Particulate organic and elemental carbon concentrations 
       were continuously measured at four remote Japanese islands, Rishiri, 
       Sado, Hachijo, and Chichi-jima.

     Time period (in UTC): 
   
       From 200102281900 to 200105311100 at Rishiri, 
       from 200103161500 to 200105311100 at Sado, 
       from 200103231500 to 200105311100 at Hachijo, 
       from 200103271900 to 200105311100 at Chichi-jima

     Location (Latitude, Longitude, Altitude):

       Rishiri: 45.12N, 141.20E, 35m, 
       Sado: 38.25N, 138.40E, 130m, 
       Hachijo: 33.15N, 139.75E, 80m,
       Chichijima: 27.01N, 142.22E, 240m

2.0 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION:

     The concentrations of particulate organic carbon (OC) and elemental 
     carbon (EC) were continuously measured by a thermal analysis method
     using ambient carbon particulate monitors (Rupprecht & Patashnick 
     Co. Inc., Model 5400) at 4-hour interval. A detailed explanation of 
     the instrument employed in this study was reported in the previous 
     papers [Rupprecht et al., 1995; Uematsu et al., 2001; Holler et 
     al., 2002].

3.0 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING:

     Only ambient aerosols with diameter < 2.5 um were introduced 
     into the instrument using a PM2.5 cyclone (with a 50% cutoff 
     efficiency for 2.5 um particles) to eliminate coarse 
     particles, and then collected with impactors (with a 50% effective 
     cut-off diameter of 0.14 um) at a flow rate of 16.7L min-1.  
     The amounts of carbonaceous substances evolved at 340c and 750c were 
     defined as OC and total carbon (TC).  The difference between the 
     amounts of TC and OC gives the amount of EC. 

4.0 DATA FORMAT:

     Continuous data of OC and EC at Rishiri, Sado, Hachijo, and 
     Chichi-jima were stored in four text files named RISHIRI, SADO, 
     HACHIJO, and CHICHIJIMA, respectively. Each file consists of header 
     and following three columns, first column shows date and time, second 
     column shows the concentrations of OC, and third column shows the 
     concentrations of EC. The unit of OC and EC is ug/m3 at 25c 
     1atm. Date and time means the start time of each sampling. 

5.0 DATA REMARKS:

6.0 REFERENCES:

     Rupprecht et al., 1995; Particulate Matter: Health and Regulatory 
     Issues, Pittsburgh, PA, 4-6 April 1995.

     Uematsu et al., 2001; Geochemical Journal, vol. 35, 49-57, 2001

     Holler et al., 2002; Atmospheric Environment, vol.36, 1267-1275, 2002.