This dataset (1) quantifies past patterns of variability and covariation among time series of productivity of selected fish, seabird, and marine mammal species; (2) tests whether historical patterns and trends in these series are consistent with existing hypotheses; (3) suggests new hypotheses based on relationships among the productivity of different ecosystem components and relationships between their productivity and observed climate variability; and (4) provides functional forms and parameter estimates (and their uncertainty) that link the productivity of different ecosystem components to climate variability. The analysis utilizes existing data on productivity, including measures of recruitment, survival, and growth or condition, of major upper trophic level species.